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DR. ERNESTO O. HOFFMANN PATHOLOGY LSUHSC, NEW ORLEANS LA. USA |
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Classification of
Glomerulopathies presenting
MPC
is difficult since the reduplication of the GBM is a
reaction of repair and therefore non-specific. The presence
of different substances helps to classify these
glomerulopathies however, the substances found are usually
not pure and there may be no substances at all. Some
substances found in our review were usually predominating
but not unique. The classification is also difficult
because
MPC
or deposits may be focal
and segmental and therefore not always seen in the biopsy.
Furthermore, biopsies from different patients suffering from
the same disease may or may no have
MPC,
probably depending on the aggressivity and chronicity of the
process. As in other nephropathies clinical correlation is
crucial to classify these glomerulopathies. The
classification of glomerulopathies with
MPC
in to primary (MPGN I, II, III) and secondary (Immune
complex diseases, infections, neoplasia, chronic liver
diseases, chronic transplant glomerulopathy, miscellaneous)
is incorrect since this change
(MPC)
is always secondary. Obviously any attempt to classify a
glomerulopathy in an unsatisfactory sample is also
inadequate. |
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Classification by: Nakapoulou L: Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis. Nephrol Dial Transplant (2001) 16 (Suppl 6): 71-73. |
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A. Idiopathic MPGN |
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B. Secondary MPGN |
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Infections: |
Cryoglobulinemia (type II and III), HBV, HCB, endocarditis, visceral abscesses, infected ventriculo-atrial shunts, malaria, schistosomiasis, mycoplasma, EBV, HIV. |
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Autoimmune diseases: |
SLE, rgeumatoid arthritis, Sjogreen's syndrome. |
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Dysproteinemias: |
Light or heavy chain deposition disease, cryoglobulinemia type I or II, Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia, immunotactpoid and fibrillary glomerulopathy. |
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ii. Without immune deposits: |
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Chronic liver disease: |
Cirrhosis, alpha one antitripsin deficiancy. |
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Thrombotic micoangiopathies: |
HUS/TTP, anti-phospholipid antibody syndrome, radiation nephritis, sickle cell anemia, transplant glomerulopathy. |
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Diabetic nephropathy: |
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Our Classification: Hoffmann EO: Membranoproliferative Change. Pathology, LSUHSC, New Orleans Louisiana. |
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Membranoproliferative Change (MPC) with immune deposits. |
MPC with recognizable underlying glomerulopathy. |
DDGN (Classic MPGN II) |
DDD, Partial lipodystrophy. |
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MPC without recognizable glomerulopathy. |
MPGN (Classic MPGN I) |
1.2.1: Infections: (Hepatitis,
AIDS, other); complement deficit. neoplasia; drug abuse. |
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Membranoproliferative Change (MPC) with or without sub-endothelial irritants but no immune deposits (pauci-immune). |
MPC with recognizable underlying glomerulopathy. |
2.1.1: Glomerulosis (GO): |
Metabolic diseases. |
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2.1.2: Glomerular dysmorphism (GD). |
FSGS, Diabetes mellitus, sickle cell, sarcoidosis. |
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2.1.3: Glomerulitis (GL): |
HUS, vasculitis, toxemia, radiation nephritis, chronic transplant glomerulopathy, chronic liver diseases, others. |
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MPC without underlaying glomerulopathy. |
None |
Idiopathic. |
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We suggest the following nomenclature for the group of glomerulopathies with MPC. 1. MPC with immune deposits. 2. MPC with other substances or
no substances (Pauci-immune) |
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TO AVOID MISTAKES AND CONFUSION: |
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1. Always be aware of the adequacy of the sample. |
2. Search for immunoproteins and or other substances. |
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3. Search for underlying glomerulopathies. |
4. Separate focal MPC from diffuse MPC. |
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Clasificación La clasificación de las glomerulonefritis con CMP es dificil debido a que las substancias presentes no son puras, y pueden estar ausentes. Las substancias mencionadas aquí predominan pero no son únicas, frecuentemente se encuentran trazas de otras substancias. La clasificación también se dificulta por que tanto el CMP como los depósitos pueden ser focales y segmentarios y por lo tanto no visibles en la biopsia. Aun mas, el CMP es una complicacion por lo tanto puede no estar presente en todos los pacientes con la misma enfermedad, posiblemente dependiendo de la agresividad y cronicida del proceso. Como en las otras nefropatías la correlación clínica es crucial para clasificar estas glomerulopatías. Las clasificaciones de estas glomerulopatias en primarias (GNMP I, II, III) y secundarias (Enfermedad por complejos inmunes, infecciones, neoplasia, enfermedad hepatica cronica, miscelanea, glomerulopatia cronica del trasplante) no reconocen este cambio (CMP) como reactivo por lo tanto siempre secundario. |
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Patrón morfólogico subyacente |
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Cambio Membranoproliferativo (CMP) con depósitos de inmunoproteinas. |
CMP con glomerulopatía subyacente reconocible. |
GNDD ( GNMP II
Clásica) |
GNDD, lipodistrofia parcial. |
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CMP sin glomerulopatía subyacente. |
GNMP (GNMP I
clásica). |
1.2.1. Infecciones (hepatitis,
SIDA), deficit complemento, abuso de drogas. |
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Ninguno. |
Idiopática. |
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Cambio Membranoproliferativo (CMP) con o sin irritantes subendoteliales pero sin depósitos inmunes (pauci-inmune). |
CMP con glomerulopatía subyacente reconocible. |
Glomerulosis (GO): |
Enfermedades metabólicas. |
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Dismorfismo glomerular (DG): |
GEFS, Diabetes mellitus, anemia cel. falciformes, sarcoidosis. |
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Glomerulitis (GL): |
HUS, scleroderma, hipertension maligna, vasculitis, toxemia, nefritis por irradiación, glomerulopatia cronica del trasplante, enfermedad hepática cronica, otras. |
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CMP sin glomerulopatía subyacente. |
Ninguno. |
Idiopática. |
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Sugerimos la siguinete nomenclatura para las glomerulopatias con CMP. 1. CMP con depósitos
inmunes. 2. CMP con otras o sin
substancias irritantes (Pauci-inmune). |
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