Regulation of Renal Blood Flow
Lisa M. Harrison-Bernard, Ph.D.
Reading: Chapter 3 in Koeppen & Stanton Renal Physiology (Mosby Physiology Monograph Series)
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
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Define renal blood flow, renal plasma flow, and glomerular filtration rate, and filtration fraction.
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Know the average values for renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate in adult humans. Compare blood flow and oxygen consumption in kidneys to that of skeletal muscle.
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Describe the relative resistances of the afferent and efferent arterioles and the effects on renal blood flow and Glomerular filtration rate of selective changes in each.
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Describe the renal autoregulation of renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate.
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Describe the myogenic and tubuloglomerular feedback mechanisms that mediate the autoregulation of renal plasma flow and glomerular filtration rate.
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Describe the hormonal and neural influences on renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate.
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Predict the change in renal blood flow and glomerular filtration caused by: a) increased synthesis of angiotensin II, b) increased release of atrial natriuretic peptide, c) increase in renal sympathetic nerve activity, d) arginine vasopressin, and e) increased prostaglandin formation, f) increased nitric oxide formation.
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Know the effects of hormones, paracrine factors and autocoids on the resistance of afferent and efferent arterioles.
Learning objectives have been adapted from the Renal Physiology Objectives (http://www.the-aps.org/education/MedPhysObj/medcor.htm) developed by the American Physiological Society (http:www.the-aps.org).